School of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering | University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Desmond Klenam Logo
Desmond Klenam (PhD) Physical Metallurgy • Materials Science
Portrait of Desmond Klenam (PhD)

Desmond Klenam (PhD)

Associate Professor of Sustainable Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science

Co-Director & Principal Investigator, Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Lab

School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), South Africa

Desmond Klenam is an Associate Professor of Sustainable Metallurgy and Materials Science at the University of the Witwatersrand, whose work advances the design, performance and circularity of metallic materials. His research sits at the intersection of physical metallurgy, complex alloy design and circular metallurgy, integrating experiments, advanced characterisation, computational thermodynamics and data-enabled methods to create impurity-tolerant, durable and resource-efficient alloys. His academic identity is anchored in a simple materials philosophy: make things better, make better things and better make things. Through research, supervision and international collaboration, he seeks to redefine how metals are designed, produced, used and sustained for society.

Based in the School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering at Wits, Desmond has built an international academic and professional profile spanning Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. He is a Research Fellow with the Soboyejo Research Laboratory at SUNY Polytechnic Institute, a Principal Investigator at Academic City University in Ghana, and a former Visiting Scientist at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. As an Africa Oxford Initiative Visiting Fellow in the Department of Materials at the University of Oxford, he worked with leading researchers on the fundamental behaviour of metallic alloys. Before deepening his academic career, he spent three years with Hatch Advisory, working across Africa, Europe and the Middle East, where his team received the 2021 Global Operational Excellence Award. He holds PhD and MSc degrees from Wits and a BSc in Materials Engineering from KNUST. His broader academic mission is to develop researchers, build globally connected materials programmes and strengthen Africa’s capacity to shape the future of metallurgy and materials science.

“I view the periodic table as a 'groceries list' and the laws of physics and mathematics as a 'cookbook' to create the materials of the future.”

— Dr. Desmond E. P. Klenam

Scientific Discovery • Scholarly Output

Research & Publications

Scientific Thrusts & Focus Areas

Research Focus & Scientific Thrusts

Click any scientific thrust to expand microstructural investigations, thermodynamic models, and experimental systems.

01

Physical Metallurgy of Multifunctional Metallic Materials

Phase Transformations

Microstructural phase transitions, deformation dynamics, and precipitation kinetics across complex alloys.

Investigating microstructural phase transitions, deformation dynamics, and precipitation kinetics across complex multi-element alloys designed for multi-property synergy under coupled mechanical, chemical, and thermal strain.

Key Methodologies:
  • Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) & Slip System Analysis
  • High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM)
  • In-situ micro-cantilever bending and deformation kinetics
Target Application:

Next-generation structural alloys for aerospace, turbine power generation, and high-wear mineral processing equipment.

Microstructural Evolution Phase Transformation Kinetics Crystallographic Texture
02

Rational Alloy Design (CCAs, HEAs & Titanium Alloys)

CALPHAD & AI

Predictive thermodynamic heuristics, valence electron concentration, and machine intelligence for complex alloys.

Formulating predictive design heuristics combining CALPHAD thermodynamic equilibria, valence electron concentration (VEC), atomic size differences, and machine intelligence to engineer high-entropy and titanium alloy systems without wasteful trial-and-error.

Computational Toolchain:
  • Thermo-Calc & Pandat thermodynamic modeling
  • Empirical solid-solution phase stability criteria
  • Supervised machine learning for yield strength & ductility trade-offs
Material Domains:

Refractory complex concentrated alloys, biomedical beta-titanium alloys (Ti-Mo-Fe), and multi-principal element systems.

High-Entropy Alloys CALPHAD Modeling Biomedical Ti Alloys
03

Sustainable Materials & Frugal Circular Innovation

BUCABUMA • Circularity

Circular metallurgical workflows, critical mineral substitution, and low-carbon materials engineering.

Pioneering circular metallurgical workflows and frugal engineering principles that lower lifecycle carbon emissions, substitute scarce critical elements, and foster sustainable industrial capability in the Global South through the BUCABUMA initiative.

Focus Areas:
  • Secondary metallurgy and industrial scrap re-melting
  • Agricultural and industrial waste valorization in materials
  • Critical mineral conservation and African value-addition
Associated Consortium:

BUCABUMA (Building Capacity in Circular Natural Building Materials), connecting researchers across Africa and Europe.

Circular Metallurgy Critical Mineral Substitution Frugal Innovation
04

Low-Density Steels & Structural Lightweight Alloys

Fe-Al-Mn-C

Fe-Al-Mn-C lightweight steels with optimal strength-to-weight ratios and high energy absorption.

Engineering advanced austenitic and duplex Fe-Al-Mn-C lightweight steels with optimal strength-to-weight ratios, work-hardening capacity, high energy absorption, and crashworthiness for sustainable transportation and energy infrastructure.

Microstructural Mechanisms:
  • Kappa-carbide (κ-(Fe,Mn)3AlC) spinodal precipitation kinetics
  • Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP) and TWIP dynamics
  • Work-hardening behavior under quasi-static and dynamic strain
Industrial Value:

Weight reduction exceeding 10-15% compared to conventional structural steels without compromising safety or crashworthiness.

Fe-Al-Mn-C Steels Lightweight Transportation Work-Hardening
05

Corrosion Kinetics, Passivity & Environmental Degradation

Electrochemistry

Passive film stability, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and localized degradation.

Investigating passive film stability, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott-Schottky semiconducting properties of oxides, and localized pitting and stress corrosion cracking in aggressive maritime, physiological, and industrial chemical media.

Diagnostic Techniques:
  • Potentiodynamic & potentiostatic polarization
  • Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) across wide frequency bands
  • Mott-Schottky electronic point-defect model validation
Applications:

Marine offshore structures, chemical process piping, and physiological biocompatibility of medical implants.

Electrochemical Kinetics Passivity Breakdown EIS & Mott-Schottky
06

Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory (NFAML) Infrastructure

Wits University

Co-directed laboratory facilities: vacuum induction melting, heat treatment furnaces, and electrochemical suites.

NFAML Emblem
Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory

School of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering • Wits University

Meet the People & Researchers

The laboratory is co-directed by Dr. Desmond Klenam and Prof. Michael Oluwatosin Bodunrin at the University of the Witwatersrand. Our facilities support synthesis of advanced structural alloys, precision casting, thermo-mechanical processing, and environmental corrosion testing.

Equipment Suites:
  • Controlled atmosphere & induction vacuum arc melting
  • High-temperature muffle and tube furnaces
  • Multichannel potentiostats / galvanostats & EIS analyzers
Postgraduate Research:

Hosting PhD, MSc, and undergraduate capstone scholars investigating CCAs, lightweight steels, and additive manufacturing.

Peer-Reviewed Scientific Output

Featured Publications & Preprints

Featured Fellowship Output • University of Oxford

Micromechanical Slip Activation & Micro-cantilever Testing

Research accomplished during my Africa Oxford (AfOx) Visiting Fellowship in collaboration with the Oxford Micromechanics Group (Department of Materials, University of Oxford).

View Oxford Fellowship Dossier →
2026 Recent Breakthroughs • 17 In-Production Works
Journal Article Communications Materials (Nature Portfolio) 📅 Year: 2026
7(186) 2026

Unlocking Superplasticity in Medium and High-Entropy Alloys

Desmond Edem Primus Klenam*, Nana Kwabena Adomako, Seok Su Sohn & Raymond Kwesi Nutor.

Pioneering microstructural deformation mechanisms that overcome conventional ductility-strength trade-offs in multi-principal element alloys, providing routes for high-temperature superplastic superforming.

Medium-Entropy Alloys Superplasticity
View Citation in Bibliography →
Journal Article Proceedings of the Royal Society A 📅 Year: 2026
482(2333), 20250757

Dislocation Analysis in CrCoNi Medium Entropy Alloy Using Nanoindentation and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

M. Vandadi, F. Ghajari, T. K. Asumadu, D. E. P. Klenam*, W. O. Soboyejo & N. Rahbar.

Nanoindentation experiments and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations uncovering dislocation nucleation kinetics, stacking fault formation, and strain gradient plasticity in equiatomic CrCoNi.

Nanoindentation CrCoNi Molecular Dynamics
View Citation in Bibliography →
2025 Energy Storage, Superlubricity & AI Metallurgy • 24 Articles
Journal Article Energy Storage Materials 📅 Year: 2025 IF: 20.4
104461, 2025

Effects of External Pressure on All-Solid-State Batteries: Comprehensive Review and Analysis

John Adjah, Benjamin Agyei-Tuffour, Ridwan A. Ahmed, Desmond Edem Primus Klenam*, David Dodoo-Arhin, Emmanuel Nyankson, Kwadwo Mensah Darkwa & Winston Wole Soboyejo.

Critical review of electro-chemo-mechanical interfaces and external stack pressure effects on dendrite suppression and interfacial impedance in solid-state lithium battery architectures.

Solid-State Batteries Interfacial Mechanics
View Citation in Bibliography →
Journal Article Materials & Design 📅 Year: 2025 IF: 7.6
113916, 2025

Superlubricity Enabled by Graphene Nanocomposite Film on Carbon-Coated AISI 1045 Steel

T. K. Asumadu, M. Vandadi, D. E. P. Klenam*, K. Adinkra-Appiah, K. Mensah-Darkwa, E. Gikunoo, S. Kwofie, N. Rahbar & W. O. Soboyejo.

Pioneering macroscale near-zero friction enabled by biowaste-derived graphene nanocomposite coatings on structural steel substrates.

Superlubricity Graphene Coating Friction Reduction
View Citation in Bibliography →
2024 – 2023 Oxford Micromechanics & High-Temperature Alloys • 18 Articles
Journal Article Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 📅 Year: 2024 IF: 12.2
49(3) 163-193

Steels for Rail Axle Applications: An Overview

D. E. P. Klenam*, L. H. Chown, M. J. Papo & L. A. Cornish.

Comprehensive 30-page treatise reviewing alloy chemistry, thermomechanical processing, fatigue cracking, and corrosion-wear failure mechanisms across heavy-haul freight railway axles.

Railway Metallurgy Fatigue & Failure
View Citation in Bibliography →
Scientific Bibliography • 70 Journal Articles | 15 Chapters | 31 Conferences

Looking for More Research Papers & Co-Authorships?

Explore the dedicated catalogue indexing 70+ peer-reviewed journal articles, 15 book chapters, and 31 conference papers, high-entropy alloy studies, additive manufacturing overviews, and solid-state battery research with instant live search and topic filters.

Curriculum Vitae • Academic Track Record

Appointments, Fellowships & Education

Academic & Research Appointments (Chronological)

Aug 2025 — Present Associate Professor

Associate Professor (Sustainable Metallurgy & Materials Science)

School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)

Lead undergraduate and postgraduate courses in sustainable physical metallurgy, crystallography, and failure analysis. Direct graduate advising for doctoral and master's researchers across sustainable circular alloy development and micromechanics.

Aug 2025 — Present Faculty • Lab PI

Senior Lecturer & Co-Director, NFAML

Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory, Wits University

Lead investigator designing, administering, and quality-assuring core curricula in crystallography, failure investigations, and corrosion engineering. Coordinate multi-million rand industrial and international research partnerships.

May 2024 — Sep 2025 Faculty

Lecturer in Metallurgy & Materials Engineering

School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Wits University

Developed and delivered active-learning and blended-learning modules in Materials Science and Engineering principles and Crystallography; mentored postgraduate researchers.

Feb 2023 — Feb 2024 International Fellowship

Africa Oxford (AfOx) Visiting Fellow

Oxford Micromechanics Group, Department of Materials, University of Oxford, UK

Conducted experimental research on deformation physics of bulk complex concentrated alloys using focused ion beam (FIB) micro-cantilevers, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and advanced electron diffraction.

Feb 2022 — Apr 2024 Postgraduate Pedagogy

Sessional Lecturer • MSc Corrosion

School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Wits University

Delivered postgraduate curriculum in metallic corrosion in oil and gas environments, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), polarization kinetics, and pipeline integrity.

Jun 2020 — Dec 2023 Visiting Scholar

Visiting Research Scholar & Fellow

Soboyejo Research Group, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), Massachusetts, USA

Conducted theoretical and experimental investigations on bulk and cold-sprayed complex concentrated alloys, bioinspired materials design, and indentation size effects; authored over 10 book chapters and 7 journal articles.

Feb 2019 — Dec 2019 Academic Leadership

Coordinator • Teaching Assistants & Tutors

Academic Development Unit (ADU), Faculty of Engineering, Wits University

Recruited, trained, and coordinated 12 teaching assistants and over 35 undergraduate tutors supporting 1,400 students in the Common First Year Programme; managed assessment of over 850 exam scripts.

Jul 2018 — Dec 2018 Engineering Education

Assistant Course Coordinator & Academic Advisor

ADU, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Wits University

Coordinated Engineering Mathematics tutorials supporting 1,400 undergraduates and advised academically at-risk students at Faculty readmission boards.

Jan 2018 — Dec 2018 National Laboratory

Research Fellow • Physical Metallurgy Group

Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Randburg, South Africa

Conducted first-principles quantum mechanical alloy modeling using CASTEP Density Functional Theory (DFT) codes and carried out mechanical property and failure evaluations for industrial clients.

Dec 2017 — Nov 2018 Industrial Consulting

Acting Technical Director • Mechanical Testing Laboratory

Vertiney Investment, Pretoria, South Africa

Managed mechanical testing laboratory accreditation, approved final metallurgical test reports, failure analyses, and standard operating procedures (SOPs).

Jul 2017 — Dec 2017 Undergraduate Teaching

Sessional Lecturer • Applied Mathematics for Architecture I

Part Time Studies Centre, Wits University

Delivered Applied Mathematics lectures and co-examined semester examinations for architecture students.

Aug 2009 — Oct 2010 Early Career

Research & Teaching Assistant

Department of Materials Engineering, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana

Assisted in teaching Materials Science Principles and Mechanical Behaviour of Materials; supervised experimental testing for 4 undergraduate capstone projects.

Jun 2008 — Sep 2008 International Internship

Research Intern • Materials Characterization

Hochschule OsnabrĂźck (University of Applied Sciences), Germany

Conducted root-cause failure analysis of failed steam turbine blades and investigated microstructures of ferrous and non-ferrous biomedical implants.

Academic Degrees & Qualifications

Postgraduate Diploma 2021 — 2024

Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education (PGDipHE)

Wits School of Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

Specialized certification in tertiary STEM pedagogy, assessment design, student cognitive development, flipped classroom integration, and transformative curriculum delivery in engineering.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2013 — 2019

PhD in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Johannesburg, South Africa

Thesis: Composition refinement of medium carbon low alloy steels to improve wear and corrosion resistance for rail axle applications.
Supervisors: Prof. L.A. Cornish (PhD) & Dr. L.H. Chown (PhD). Supported by DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials.

Master of Science (MSc Eng) 2011 — 2013

MSc (Eng) in Metallurgy & Materials Engineering

University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Johannesburg, South Africa

Dissertation: Effect of temperature and carbonaceous environment on the fatigue behaviour of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steels.
Supervisors: Prof. L.A. Cornish (PhD) & Dr. L.H. Chown (PhD).

Bachelor of Science (BSc Hons) 2005 — 2009

BSc (Hons) in Materials Science & Engineering

Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana

Graduated with honors in Materials Engineering. Coursework covering crystallography, extractive metallurgy, thermodynamics, kinetics, phase equilibria, and engineering design.

Professional Registrations & Charters

  • Engineers Australia (2022 — Present): Professional Member (MIEAust).
  • IOM3 (2020 — Present): Professional Member, Institute of Materials, Minerals & Mining, UK.
  • MSSA (2020 — Present): Professional Member, Microscopy Society of Southern Africa.
  • NRF Rating: National Research Foundation (NRF) Y-Rated Scientist (2024 — 2029).
Research Funding • $2M+ in Competitive Awards

Funded Research Grants & Active Projects

Chronological dossier of sponsored research grants, bilateral international programs, and industry initiatives from the European Union, NRF, Mintek, CSIR, SUNY Poly, and MIT.

14 Major Grants PI & Co-PI
2026 — 2030 Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
EUR €1,430,820

BUCABUMA: Building Capacity in Circular Natural Building Materials

European Union (EU NDICI-MOBAF) • European Union Mobility Grant Agreement

Intra-Africa Academic Mobility Scheme, European Education and Culture Executive Agency. Focuses on circular natural building materials using frugal digital and traditional engineering innovation, training researchers across multinational African mobility hubs.

EU Mobility Circular Materials €1.43M Grant Multinational
2026 — 2028 Principal Investigator (PI)
ZAR 900,000 (~US $56,000)

NRF Thuthuka Rating Track Grant (TTK250318304827)

National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa • NRF South Africa

Three-year competitive national rating track grant to spearhead the design, hot deformation constitutive modeling, and microstructural engineering of fully austenitic low-density steels and wear-resistant alloys.

NRF Thuthuka Alloy Design Low-Density Steels PI Award
2025 — 2030 Principal Investigator (PI)
ZAR 100,000 (~US $6,200)

National Research Foundation 'Y' Rated University Support Funding

Wits Research Office • Wits University

Five-year institutional support grant provided by the University of the Witwatersrand Research Office in recognition of Dr. Klenam's national NRF Y-rating, advancing experimental physical metallurgy infrastructure.

NRF Y-Rated University Support 5-Year Funding
2025 — 2029 Principal Investigator (PI)
ZAR 50,000 (~US $3,100)

National Research Funding Y-Rating Grant (RA231031159798)

National Research Foundation (NRF) • NRF South Africa

Competitive research incentive funding for promising young researchers with demonstrated international research standing and high-impact peer-reviewed publications.

NRF Scientist Physical Metallurgy National Incentive
2025 — 2027 Principal Investigator (PI)
US $48,000

Physical Metallurgy & Alloy Solidification Industry Grant

Mintek Advanced Materials Division • Mintek & Department of Mineral Resources

Direct industrial grant funding for 3 Master of Science researchers from the Physical Metallurgy Group at Mintek, advancing artificial neural network electroplating modeling, grey cast iron solidification kinetics, and manganese structural alloys.

Mintek Postgraduate Training Grey Cast Iron Physical Metallurgy
2025 — 2027 Principal Investigator (PI)
US $55,000

Revamping Indigenous South African Foundries

National Foundry Technology Network (NFTN) / CSIR • CSIR NFTN, South Africa

National research grant focused on industrial revitalization of local foundries: optimizing high-chromium cast irons (HCCI), reducing carbon content in ferrochrome electric furnace charges, and developing ceramic-reinforced Hadfield steels.

NFTN Foundry Innovation HCCI Ferrochrome Metallurgy
Jan — Dec 2026 Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
UK ÂŁ8,000

Crucible Funding: Spark Plasma Sintered Cardiovascular Implants

Horizon Institute, University of Leeds • University of Leeds, UK

Bilateral UK-South Africa biomedical engineering collaboration developing sustainable spark plasma sintered (SPS) metallic implants tailored for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease.

Univ of Leeds Cardiovascular Implants Spark Plasma Sintering
2024 — 2026 Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
US $280,000

Establishment of the Global Centre for Advanced Materials & Manufacturing (GCAMM)

State University of New York (SUNY) Polytechnic Institute • SUNY Poly, Utica, New York, USA

Seed grant establishing the GCAMM research center, developing machine learning-aided materials property data infrastructure for structural and functional complex concentrated alloys (CCAs).

GCAMM SUNY Poly Materials Informatics CCAs $280k Grant
2024 — 2026 Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
US $52,000

Titanium Alloys & Nanostructures for Next-Generation Biomedical Devices

SUNY Polytechnic Institute Seed Grant • SUNY Poly, USA

Experimental alloy design investigation synthesizing novel titanium-based alloys and nanostructured surface architectures for orthopedic implants with tailored elastic modulus and bio-inertness.

Titanium Metallurgy Biomedical Devices Nanostructures
2024 — 2026 Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
US $22,000

Irradiation Stability of Indigenous Carbonitriding Agents

MIT-Africa Seed Fund • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA

Joint bilateral study with MIT Nuclear Science and Engineering (Co-PI: Dr. Ericmoore Jossou) and Sunyani Technical University investigating radiation damage tolerance in indigenous carbonitriding compounds.

MIT Nuclear Science MIT-Africa Irradiation Stability Surface Engineering
2023 Principal Investigator (PI)
ZAR 50,000 (~US $2,500)

Top Slice Early Career Grant: Complex Concentrated Alloy Tribology

Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Wits • Wits University

Competitive early career faculty grant yielding two high-impact peer-reviewed publications on the indentation size effect and wear mechanics of novel medium-entropy alloy systems.

Early Career Grant Top Slice Wear Mechanics
2023 Visiting Scientist
US $10,000

Worcester Polytechnic Global Fellowship Award: Macroscale Superlubricity

Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) • WPI, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

Investigation into macroscale superlubricity and strain gradient plasticity phenomena of bioinspired carbon-coated metallic alloys and graphene coatings.

WPI Global Fellowship Superlubricity Strain Gradient Plasticity
2022 Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI)
ZAR 40,000 (~US $2,000)

Top Slice Early Career Grant: Low-Density Austenitic Steels

Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Wits • Wits University

Targeted funding yielding two Q1 peer-reviewed publications investigating corrosion kinetics and mechanical properties of low-carbon, low-density steels in simulated physiological fluids.

Low-Density Steels Biocorrosion Wits Faculty
2021 Visiting Scientist
US $5,000

Worcester Polytechnic Global Fellowship Award: Low-Cost CCA Design

Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) • WPI, Massachusetts, USA

Design of low-cost complex concentrated alloys for high-temperature and functional applications using non-critical raw materials.

WPI Low-Cost CCAs Circular Metallurgy
Scholarly Distinctions • International Recognition

Scholarships, Honors & Fellowships

Chronological progression of visiting academic appointments, international fellowships, competitive doctoral scholarships, and global engineering excellence awards across the UK, USA, Germany, India, and Africa.

2024 — Present Continental Leadership & Advisory
Utica, New York, USA

Steering Committee Member & Co-Founding Member

African Renaissance Institute of Science and Technology (ARIST) & The Young African Scientist

Appointed to the steering committee of ARIST and co-founder of The Young African Scientist initiative (Secretariat at SUNY Polytechnic Institute). Supporting emerging researchers across Africa through international mentorship, research collaborations, and free AI & machine learning curricula on The Engine platform, empowering over 350 learners across 15 African nations.

ARIST The Engine SUNY Poly AI & ML in Science Pan-African Leadership
2024 — Present Laboratory Leadership
Johannesburg, South Africa

Principal Investigator & Co-Lead

Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory (NFAML), School of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Wits University

Directing laboratory research strategy, multi-institutional research grants, and experimental metallurgy facilities. Pioneering sustainable circular alloy solutions using industrial scrap/dirty metals, machine learning-aided materials property databases, and advanced tribological characterization.

NFAML Wits University Alloy Design Laboratory Leadership Physical Metallurgy
2024 — 2025 International Research Fellowship
Leeds, United Kingdom & Johannesburg, South Africa

Wits-Leeds Horizon Fellow (Global Academy Crucible Program)

The Horizon Institute, University of Leeds & University of the Witwatersrand

Selected as a Horizon Fellow for the prestigious interdisciplinary bilateral initiative connecting top emerging academic leaders between Wits and Leeds. Collaborating on sustainable spark plasma sintered (SPS) implants for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease.

Horizon Institute Univ. of Leeds Cardiovascular Implants Bilateral Fellowship Crucible Program
Feb 2023 — Feb 2024 Visiting Fellowship & College Fellowship
Oxford, United Kingdom

Africa Oxford (AfOx) Visiting Fellow & St. Edmund Hall Fellow

Department of Materials (Oxford Micromechanics Group) & St. Edmund Hall, University of Oxford

Appointed Visiting Fellow at the Oxford Micromechanics Group, Department of Materials, and elected Fellow of St. Edmund ("Teddy") Hall, University of Oxford. Conducted cutting-edge experimental micromechanics, focused ion beam (FIB) micro-machining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution electron diffraction investigating deformation physics in complex concentrated alloys.

University of Oxford AfOx Fellow Micromechanics St. Edmund Hall FIB & TEM
2023 Competitive Travel Award
Castle Ringsberg, Tegernsee, Germany

ARUA Centre of Excellence International Travel Grant

African Research Universities Alliance (ARUA) CoE in Materials, Energy and Nanotechnology

Awarded competitive travel funding to represent Wits at the Material Science International Team Winter School & Phase Diagram Evaluation Meeting at Castle Ringsberg, contributing to international CALPHAD thermodynamic assessments.

ARUA CoE Castle Ringsberg Thermodynamic Modeling Germany Travel Grant
2023 Curriculum Advisory & Capacity Building
Liberia & Nigeria

Subject Matter Expert & Ten-Member Advisory Committee Member

University of Liberia & Nigerian University Commission (23 Universities)

Appointed to the 10-member expert committee advising the University of Liberia on establishing its Materials Science and Engineering program and thematic research clusters. Concurrently facilitated virtual Training of Trainers (TOT) for problem-based manufacturing learning pilots across 23 Nigerian universities.

Curriculum Advisory University of Liberia Nigerian Univ Commission Capacity Building
2023 Doctoral Pedagogy Fellowship
University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda

Training of Trainers (TOT) Fellow for Doctoral Supervision

Consortium for Advanced Training of Research in Africa (CARTA) Joint Advanced Seminars

Fellowship participant in high-level 5-day pedagogy workshop addressing institutional strategies for PhD student retention, supervisor-mentee dynamics, and thesis completion acceleration in Sub-Saharan Africa.

CARTA Univ of Rwanda PhD Supervision Doctoral Retention Pedagogy
Jun 2020 — Dec 2023 Visiting Research Scholar
Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

Visiting Research Scholar & Fellow

Soboyejo Research Group & Bioinspired Materials Design Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI)

Annual 3-to-6 month visiting research scientist residency at WPI conducting cutting-edge theoretical and experimental investigations on bulk and coating-based complex concentrated alloys, cold spray additive technologies, and strain-gradient plasticity. Co-authored over 10 book chapters and 7 peer-reviewed journal papers.

WPI, USA Soboyejo Lab Complex Concentrated Alloys Cold Spray Strain Gradient Plasticity
2021 — 2023 Institutional Staff Bursary
Johannesburg, South Africa

Wits Staff Bursary for Higher Education Pedagogy

University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

Competitive academic staff bursary awarded to complete the Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education (PGDipHE) with distinction at the Wits School of Education, focusing on active-learning classroom interventions in engineering.

Wits University PGDipHE Tertiary Pedagogy Staff Bursary
2021 Global Industry Excellence Award
Mississauga, Canada / Global

Global Operational Excellence Award (Business Improvement)

Hatch Advisory Business Unit (Africa, Europe & Middle East), Hatch Global Excellence Award

Honored with Hatch's premier corporate global excellence award for delivering high-impact business improvement, metallurgical asset integrity advisory, and engineering optimization across client operations throughout Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.

Hatch Global Excellence Award Asset Integrity Business Improvement Mining & Metals
2017 Conference Best Presentation Award
Polokwane, South Africa

Runner-Up Prize for Best Oral Presentation

DST-AMI Precious Metals Development Conference

First runner-up prize for best scientific oral delivery, presenting experimental findings on alloy refinement and microstructural characterization of medium-carbon microalloyed steels.

DST-AMI Best Presentation Precious Metals Oral Prize
2015 Continental Leadership Distinction
Johannesburg, South Africa

Brightest Young Minds (BYM) Fellow — Class of 2015

Barclays Africa & Brightest Young Minds Fellowship

Selected into the prestigious Top 100 most promising young minds and emerging leaders across Africa, recognizing demonstrated commitment to solving systemic socio-economic and technological challenges on the continent.

BYM Barclays Africa Top 100 Africa Social Innovation
2015 STEM Innovation & Entrepreneurship Award
Kumasi, Ghana

MIT Global Startup Labs Fellow & Team Lead (1st Runner-Up)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Global Startup Labs

Selected as Team Lead and awarded First Runner-Up for 'SkyClass', a digitized, interactive educational platform designed for contextualized mathematics and entrepreneurship studies in secondary and tertiary education.

MIT GSL SkyClass STEM Platform Team Lead 1st Runner-Up
2014 — 2016 Doctoral Merit Fellowship
Johannesburg, South Africa

Postgraduate Merit Award for Doctoral Studies

Financial Aid and Scholarship Office, University of the Witwatersrand

Three-year competitive institutional merit award granted in recognition of top academic rank and research momentum during PhD studies in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering.

Wits University Merit Award PhD Scholarship
2013 — 2018 Full Competitive PhD Scholarships
Johannesburg & Randburg, South Africa

DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials PhD Scholarship & DST-AMI Bursary

Department of Science and Technology (DST) / National Research Foundation (NRF) & Mintek

Awarded full multi-year doctoral research fellowship through the DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials (CoE-SM) alongside the DST-AMI Postgraduate Bursary through Mintek, fully funding doctoral research on wear and corrosion kinetics of vanadium-bearing rail axle steels.

DST-NRF CoE-SM Mintek PhD Scholarship AMI Bursary Rail Axle Metallurgy
2013 International Conclave Distinction
Allahabad, India

African Union Category Award — Sixth Science Conclave

Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) & African Union

Invited under the official African Union delegation for direct scientific roundtables with 8 Nobel Laureates, 200 Turing Awardees, and 1,500 eminent global researchers, discussing global grand challenges in materials, computation, and energy.

African Union Nobel Laureates Conclave IIIT Allahabad India
2011 — 2012 MSc Research Scholarship & Industry Honors
Johannesburg, South Africa

DST-NRF CoE-SM MSc Scholarship, Merit Award & CorrISA Award

DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials & Corrosion Institute of Southern Africa

Full postgraduate research scholarship for Master of Science degree at Wits University, coupled with the University Postgraduate Merit Award and the Corrosion Engineering Shortcourse Award from the Corrosion Institute of Southern Africa (CorrISA).

DST-NRF CoE-SM CorrISA MSc Scholarship Corrosion Engineering
2011 Pan-African Materials Fellowship
Abuja, Nigeria

Pan African School of Materials (PASMAT) Summer School Fellow

Science Initiative Group (SIG), Princeton University & African University of Science and Technology (AUST)

Competitive fellowship to attend the advanced computational and experimental materials science summer school organized jointly by Princeton University and AUST.

Princeton Univ SIG AUST PASMAT Materials Science
Jun 2008 — Sep 2008 International Research Fellowship
OsnabrĂźck, Germany

DAAD / IAESTE International Research Fellowship

German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) & Hochschule OsnabrĂźck (University of Applied Sciences)

International research fellowship at the Laboratory of Materials Characterization and Metallurgy. Investigated microstructure and mechanical performance of metallic biomedical implants and performed root-cause failure analysis of failed industrial steam turbine blades.

DAAD IAESTE Germany Failure Analysis Biomedical Implants
Intellectual Property • Frugal Technology • Circular Solutions

Innovation & Intellectual Property

Translating fundamental physical metallurgy into industrial patents, circular scrap metal recycling, and digitized STEM educational platforms.

2025 • United States Patent US 2025/0122444 A1 / WO 2024/216039 A1
Granted / Published

Graphene Deposition Coatings on Metallic Substrates

Inventors: T.K. Asumadu, M. Vandadi, K. Mensah-Darkwa, E. Gikunoo, S. Kwofie, D.E.P. Klenam, N. Rahbar & W.O. Soboyejo

Pioneered an indigenous, low-temperature chemical synthesis method for depositing robust graphene protective coatings on structural steels and metallic alloys. Demonstrates macroscale superlubricity, ultra-low friction coefficients, and exceptional barrier protection against aggressive corrosive environments and wear degradation.

Graphene Synthesis Macroscale Superlubricity Surface Engineering USPTO
Circular Metallurgy CSIR NFTN • Mintek Supported
Johannesburg, South Africa

Alloy Design from Industrial Dirty Scrap: Sustainable Circular Economy

Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory (NFAML) • National Foundry Technology Network

Developing high-performance structural and functional alloys from low-grade scrap metals ("dirty metals"). Formulating thermodynamic guidelines to tolerate impurity elements, reducing carbon consumption in ferrochrome electric arc furnace charges, and developing ceramic-reinforced Hadfield steels to revitalize local South African foundries.

Scrap Recycling Ferrochrome Optimization Indigenous Foundries Circular Economy
EdTech • STEM Innovation MIT Global Startup Labs Award
MIT • Kumasi, Ghana

SkyClass: Interactive Digitized Platform for Mathematics & STEM

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Global Startup Labs (Team Lead & 1st Runner-Up)

Co-founded and served as team lead for SkyClass, an interactive digital platform built to democratize high-quality mathematics and entrepreneurial learning for African youth, combining contextual pedagogical frameworks with low-bandwidth mobile accessibility.

MIT GSL STEM Pedagogy Digital Platforms
Keynotes • Plenary Addresses • Global Symposia

Speaking Engagements & Keynotes

International keynote lectures, invited conference addresses, and technical symposium presentations across North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.

Keynote Address Plenary Speaker
Nairobi, Kenya

Knowledge Creation & Pan-African Materials Engineering Leadership

University of Nairobi • CARTA Advanced Doctoral Research Colloquium

Delivered keynote address to doctoral researchers and senior faculty on breaking research frontiers in physical metallurgy, establishing resilient South-South research partnerships, and accelerating technological independence in Africa through material innovation.

Invited Speaker ASM International • ASME
Detroit, Michigan, USA

Indentation Size Effect & Strain Gradient Plasticity of Advanced Steels

International Materials, Applications & Technologies (IMAT) Annual Meeting

Presented experimental findings on depth-sensing nano-indentation, geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs), and macroscale superlubricity mechanisms in carbonitrided structural steel surfaces.

Invited Lecture TMS 152nd Annual Meeting
Orlando, Florida & Las Vegas, Nevada

High-Entropy Alloys & Complex Concentrated Alloy Design Frontiers

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)

Addressed international symposia on phase equilibria, high-temperature oxidation kinetics of refractory high-entropy alloys (TiNbTaVWRHEA), and machine learning accelerated materials discovery.

Workshop Facilitator AFRETEC Network
Kigali, Rwanda

Digital Manufacturing, AI & Robotics in Materials Science

African Engineering and Technology Network (AFRETEC)

Facilitated pan-African intensive technical workshops training faculty and researchers in integrating artificial intelligence, physics-informed neural networks, and automated robotics into advanced metallurgical characterization.

Instructional Pedagogy • Professional Leadership

Teaching Portfolio & Professional Service

Certified tertiary pedagogy, core metallurgical engineering curricula, high-impact journal editorship, and continental science leadership.

Tertiary Pedagogy & Curricula Taught

Holder of a Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education (PGDipHE) from the Wits School of Education. Dr. Klenam combines active learning, project-based engineering simulations, and flipped classrooms across:

Physical Metallurgy: Phase equilibria, nucleation, diffusion, precipitation kinetics, and TTT/CCT diagrams.
Crystallography: Stereographic projection, Miller indices, X-ray diffraction theory, and reciprocal space.
Failure Analysis: Fatigue striation tracking, fractography, stress corrosion cracking, and root cause analysis.
Metallic Corrosion: Pourbaix diagrams, polarization kinetics, EIS, and oil/gas cathodic protection.
Co-Convenor • Young African Scientists (ARIST / The Engine)

Free virtual AI & machine learning courses for engineering students, training over 350 learners across 15 African nations since 2025.

Editorial Boards & Peer Review Service

Active contributor to academic publishing integrity and peer review standards across metallurgy, materials degradation, and manufacturing:

Editorial Board Member
Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (SAIMM) (2020 – present)
Guest Editor • Special Issues
Applied Sciences (MDPI) & Discover Applied Sciences (Springer Nature, 2022–2025)
Peer Reviewer for Top-Quartile (Q1) Journals
Acta Biomaterialia (IF 9.6) • International Materials Reviews (IF 20.6) • npj Materials Degradation (IF 7.5) • Materials Today CommunicationsResults in Engineering (IF 7.9)
Professional Memberships & Affiliations
Registered Professional Engineer (MIEAust) • Member, Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3, UK) • SAIMM • MSSA
Academic Governance • Next Generation of Engineers

Student Supervision, Mentorship & Leadership

Guiding undergraduate, Master's, and doctoral candidates toward rigorous scientific inquiry, first-principles physical metallurgy, and international scholarly recognition.

Department 01

Postgraduate Student Coordinator

School of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Wits

I oversee postgraduate academic milestones, progress tracking, proposal defenses, and student welfare across doctoral and Master's programs, ensuring students adhere to the highest standards of experimental integrity and timely completion.

Faculty ADU 02

Academic Development Unit

Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Wits

I champion student academic success and inclusive pathways in engineering education. My work through the ADU bridges foundational mathematical and physical sciences with advanced engineering curricula, empowering students from diverse backgrounds.

Laboratory PI 03

Next Frontiers Lab Director

Principal Investigator & Co-Director

I manage experimental facilities, research grants, and equipment suites (vacuum arc-melting, high-temperature heat treatment, corrosion diagnostics), creating an environment where emerging researchers gain hands-on mastery over complex metallurgical synthesis.

International 04

Global Advisory & Review

SUNY Poly GCAMM • Wits-Leeds Crucible

I serve on the International Advisory Board of the Global Center of Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (SUNY Poly) and lead bilateral research dialogues through the Wits–Leeds Crucible, while actively reviewing for high-impact journals in metallurgy and materials.

Research Supervision Cohorts

Supervised Postgraduate & Undergraduate Research Focus

Active and completed student investigations under my direct mentorship at the University of the Witwatersrand.

Doctoral (PhD) Research Topics

  • Rational Alloy Design in Complex Concentrated Alloys (CCAs)

    Thermodynamic CALPHAD screening and experimental validation of single-phase solid solutions for elevated temperature aerospace and nuclear turbine applications.

  • In-Situ Micromechanics & Slip System Activation in Titanium

    Collaborative research leveraging focused ion beam (FIB) micro-cantilever bending and HR-EBSD in connection with the Oxford Micromechanics Group.

  • High-Temperature Hot Corrosion in Thermal Barrier Coatings

    Investigating molten salt and vanadium-induced degradation kinetics of modified 8YSZ composite powders at temperatures exceeding 1100 °C.

Master of Science (MSc Eng) & Capstone Topics

  • Electrochemical Passivity in Fe-Al-Mn-C Lightweight Steels

    Mott-Schottky and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) detailing donor density fluctuations and localized pitting initiation in automotive structural alloys.

  • Additive Manufacturing & Distributed Production in Africa

    Assessing localized powder-bed laser fusion paradigms, critical mineral value-addition, and circular economy opportunities across regional industrial sectors.

  • Contact Mechanics in All-Solid-State Battery Electrodes

    Investigating stack pressure dependencies, mechanical void propagation, and interfacial charge transfer kinetics at solid electrolyte boundaries.

First-Principles Rigor

Fundamental Understanding Over Rote Memorization

I train my students to reason from basic thermodynamic laws and crystallography rather than relying purely on empirical recipes. This prepares them to solve unexpected materials failures and invent novel compositions independently.

Publication & Co-Authorship

Leading Peer-Reviewed Scholarly Articles

Every postgraduate researcher under my supervision is guided through the peer-review process, learning manuscript drafting, data presentation, and response to reviewers for top international journals like MSE:A, Communications Materials, and Corrosion Science.

Global Placement

International Collaborations & Careers

Through my networks with the University of Oxford, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, and the Wits–Leeds Global Crucible, my students gain exposure to leading international research groups and transition into competitive industrial and academic careers worldwide.

Graduate Admissions • Next Frontiers Lab

Interested in Postgraduate Research Under My Supervision?

I welcome prospective PhD and MSc candidates with strong foundations in metallurgical engineering, physical metallurgy, materials physics, or mechanical engineering. Motivated students interested in joining the Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory should reach out with a CV and statement of research interest.

Inquire About Supervision
Institutional Inquiries • Academic Office

Contact & Institutional Affiliations

Primary Academic Office

Dr. Desmond Edem Primus Klenam

School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment

University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)

1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein 2000

Johannesburg, South Africa

Visiting & Advisory Inquiries

For international research visits, collaborative grant applications, advisory roles, or speaking engagements involving my work with the Africa Oxford initiative, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, or the Next Frontiers in Advanced Materials Laboratory, please contact me directly via university email.

Scholarly Indices & Academic Identity

All publications, citations, fellowship affiliations, and verified researcher credentials are continuously updated on indexed registries.